Writing an Essay - Writing an Essay Plan

Writing an Essay - Writing an Essay PlanWriting an essay is an important step in the process of earning a degree. It is important to remember that this entire task has to be done as quickly as possible because it requires practice and study to make sure you are able to do it well. It is recommended that you master your methods before moving on to the next step.You will need to write an outline of what you want to include on your essay before you begin writing. An outline should consist of each paragraph of the essay, and what information you want to include. There are many different types of plans available.However, you should look for an outline that has all the information you need to do it well. This will help you focus more on the essay, instead of trying to figure out how to get the information you need. Not only is this time consuming, but it can also cause you to miss important details or key details. With an outline, you can focus on one part of the essay at a time and not wo rry about where you are with the whole thing.You will find that the more involved your essay is, the more it will take. You should expect to write and rewrite several times until you get it right. It takes time and practice to get a good outline, and this is just another way to make sure you have a good outline to work from.Writing an outline is another way to see the big picture. You will be better able to see the big picture of your paper, rather than trying to focus on the details. It is much easier to find the details when you have an outline to look at.Knowing what is going to be important to include, and what information you want to include, will help you focus on these areas. The more time you spend thinking about what you want to write, the better you will be able to organize your thoughts. This will allow you to finish your essay faster.When you begin to write, you will be more likely to write an essay that you know how to write. You will have a clearer idea of what to incl ude, and what you want to include. By following an outline, you will be able to focus your thoughts and make sure you are writing an essay that you can complete.Once you start your paper, you will be able to focus on the specific detail, rather than trying to do too much. To be able to write an essay, you will have to learn all the details that will go into a great paper. With an outline, you will be able to focus on the information you need to write about, and this will make it easier to put together the best essay possible.

Free Essay on Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter - Light and Darkness :: Scarlet Letter essays

Light and Darkness in The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne, creator of The Scarlet Letter, felt that the Puritans were individuals who accepted that the world was where the fight among great and fiendishness was a ceaseless one. All through the novel, Hawthorne utilizes the images of light and dim to portray this fight among the characters Hester Prynne, Pearl, and Roger Chillingworth. After Hester submits her wrongdoing, her magnificence very quickly disappears into obscurity. Her hair no longer hangs uninhibitedly about her face, rather she ties it up in a hat. Hester isn't seen as a detestable individual, yet her wrongdoing makes her light shroud away. The sun is utilized as a descriptor of the integrity or unadulterated nature of character. In view of her transgression and the red letter, Hester is not, at this point unadulterated, along these lines she isn't found in the sun. Hawthorne states, It was just the obscured house that could contain her. At the point when daylight came back once more, she was not there. While on a stroll to the woods, Pearl, Hester's girl states, ...the daylight doesn't adore you. it flees and conceals itself, since it fears something on your chest. This is proof that the red letter itself might be the reason for Hester's obscurity. Pearl is the character generally perceived for her quality in the sun. She is attracted to the sun, as the sun is attracted to her. While at the senator's home, Pearl sees how splendidly the sun radiates through the windows. She demands that, the daylight be peeled off its front and given to her to play with. Hester reacts by saying, No my little Pearl. Thou must accumulate thine own daylight. I have none to give thee! Pearl has been viewed as a character that consistently endures on knowing reality. While in the backwoods Pearl needs to hear a story from Hester. She inquires as to whether she has ever observed the Black Man. Hester answers that she has seen the Black Man once previously. This proposes the Black Man might be her better half, Roger Chillingworth. Roger Chillingworth is a character who is nearly Satan-like. Chillingworth is depicted as the Black Man by Pearl and his own portrayal of himself proposes that he is a monster or the like. When Chillingworth finds that Dimmesdale was the dad of Pearl, he insults him and causes him to feel more blame than he as of now has. Free Essay on Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter - Light and Darkness :: Scarlet Letter expositions Light and Darkness in The Scarlet Letter Nathaniel Hawthorne, creator of The Scarlet Letter, felt that the Puritans were individuals who accepted that the world was where the fight among great and malevolence was a ceaseless one. All through the novel, Hawthorne utilizes the images of light and dim to portray this fight among the characters Hester Prynne, Pearl, and Roger Chillingworth. After Hester submits her transgression, her excellence very quickly evaporates into obscurity. Her hair no longer hangs openly about her face, rather she ties it up in a hood. Hester isn't seen as an underhanded individual, however her wrongdoing makes her light shroud away. The sun is utilized as a descriptor of the integrity or unadulterated nature of character. As a result of her transgression and the red letter, Hester is not, at this point unadulterated, hence she isn't found in the sun. Hawthorne states, It was just the obscured house that could contain her. At the point when daylight came back once more, she was not there. While on a stroll to the timberland, Pearl, Hester's little girl states, ...the daylight doesn't cherish you. it flees and shrouds itself, since it fears something on your chest. This is proof that the red letter itself might be the reason for Hester's obscurity. Pearl is the character generally perceived for her quality in the sun. She is attracted to the sun, as the sun is attracted to her. While at the senator's home, Pearl sees how brilliantly the sun radiates through the windows. She demands that, the daylight be peeled off its front and given to her to play with. Hester reacts by saying, No my little Pearl. Thou must accumulate thine own daylight. I have none to give thee! Pearl has been viewed as a character that consistently perseveres on knowing reality. While in the woodland Pearl needs to hear a story from Hester. She inquires as to whether she has ever observed the Black Man. Hester answers that she has seen the Black Man once previously. This proposes the Black Man might be her significant other, Roger Chillingworth. Roger Chillingworth is a character who is nearly Satan-like. Chillingworth is depicted as the Black Man by Pearl and his own portrayal of himself proposes that he is a rascal or something to that affect. When Chillingworth finds that Dimmesdale was the dad of Pearl, he insults him and causes him to feel more blame than he as of now has.

IKEA Research Paper - 1650 Words

IKEA (Research Paper Sample) Content: SummaryThis is a six page paper on IKEA, a Swedish furniture retail company. It looks into the reasons why IKEA has continued to be successful despite stiff competition in the furniture retail industry. The paper also discusses the social and environmental issues that IKEA has faced during its operation. IKEA has faced two major problems; child labor and environmental pollution. The paper outlines how this affected its business and the measures that were undertaken to deal with these issues. The paper relies on eight sources and is in APA format. Running head: IKEAIKEAName:Institution:Instructor:Class: IKEAIntroductionIKEA is a Swedish furniture retailer that was founded in 1943 by Ingvar Kamprad, who sold small items such as binders, ballpoint pens and cigarette lighters. The business grew tremendously and IKEA started offering locally made furniture. The furniture was positively received by customers and the company started receiving catalogues and creating self a ssembly and flat pack furniture to minimize storage space. The first store by IKEA was opened in Almhult, Sweden and more stores were opened in other locations such as Germany, Denmark and Norway. Currently, IKEA is a company with a global presence as 279 of its stores are found in 36 countries. The group owns 247 of these stores within 24 countries while in16 countries; the stores are handled by franchisees (Warc.com, 2012).Kampard used catalogues to persuade people to attend exhibitions held by the store, where they would get to see the real furniture and place orders afterwards. This principle still applies as the store largely uses catalogues to tempt customers to visit the stores and make a purchase. Kampard success brought about several challenges as local cartels dealing with furniture prevented manufactures from supplying IKEA with raw materials. Kamprad had to look abroad especially Poland for new suppliers and developed a close working relationship with them. IKEA prospere d and started offering affordable, quality furniture to customers allover the globe. IKEA brand now offers furniture, home appliances and accessories ranging from chairs, houses, desks and foot warmers under one roof. IKEA has also opened a chain of restaurants that offer various traditional Swedish delicacies such as meatballs, cream sauce, hot dogs, potatoes, lingonberry jam and juice (Warc.com, 2012). Marketing Strategy Adopted by IKEAAlthough there is a lot of competition in the furniture retail market, IKEA has remained relevant by offering a wide variety of quality home furnishings at low affordable prices. IKEA understands that low prices are not appealing to customers, unless they correspond with good value for money. The firms goods are differentiated by design, style, low prices and space efficiency. IKEA products emphasize more on functionality, without neglecting superior design. IKEA corporate slogan emphasizes on low prices that have a meaning, which is a commitment t o give customers well refined and high-class products. IKEA offers customers a wide selection of furniture that are easy to utilize, attractive and suitable for the mass market. IKEA utilizes cost efficiency to achieve its tremendous success. The firm keeps the customers and manufactures cost at the lowest level possible (Ikea.com, 2011). IKEA arranges competition among its suppliers and this helps the firm in getting materials at lower prices. There is also competition among the internal designers and freelancers to ensure the products made are of superior design and materials. IKEA packs its product in flat packs and this reduces storage and transport costs. IKEA outlets operate on self service model and only fundamental customer care is given, cutting down on the staff needs of the company. Customers are expected to assemble and transport their products upon purchase and this helps in minimizing cost (Ikea.com, 2011).IKEA has also strategically planned all its enormous retail ou tlets. All stores follow a one-way layout and this helps the customers in touring the entire store. Customers tour the store and select the furniture that appeal to them after careful viewing and analysis. After making a selection, customers are directed where to collect the product and finally pay for it at the cash register. Most IKEA stores open for long hours and some operate for 24 hours thus the customers can shop at their own convenience (Ikea.com, 2011). IKEA display stores also offer other value added services to customers such as grocery stores, child playrooms and restaurants. Environmental Issues Affecting IKEADuring the late 1980s, IKEA experienced its first environmental challenge. In Denmark, there was an increase in environmental awareness and the government initiated a policy to reduce the utilization of formaldehyde in building goods. IKEA widely used formaldehyde in the manufacturing of particle boards used in most of their furniture. The particle board helped IK EA in cutting down on cost and they had to find a way to resolve this serious problem that challenged their market share. Tests ran on some of the furniture with the particle board ascertained that the formaldehyde emissions were higher than those laid down by the Danish Environmental Law (Owens, 2009). The government fined IKEA and this case was highly publicized since the government wanted to emphasize the importance of the new regulations. IKEA suffered greatly from this negative publicity and its sales dropped drastically. According to a report, there was a 20 percent drop in Denmark alone.IKEA had to act quickly to avert any other loss arising from the use of formaldehyde by suppliers. This was quite challenging as most of the companys suppliers were from different nations that lacked environmental restrictions and thus they continued using formaldehyde (Norton, 2007). The use of formaldehyde was traced to the glue companies that sold the suppliers the binding agent. IKEA worke d closely with the glue companies to try and fix this problem and win back the customers trust, as well as improve the tattered public image of the company. However, in 1992, tests by a Germany paper found that formaldehyde used in IKEA products was more than the legally allowed limits (Owens, 2009)This second incident was a wake up call for IKEA as the company saw the need to address a variety of environmental issues. This would be a strategic goal to promote social responsibility, win back customers trust, and avoid any other environmental issue which would cost the company a substantial income. IKEA opted to start working closely with several environmental groups to solve the environmental problems that the company faced (Norton, 2007). IKEA worked closely with Forest Stewardship, Greenpeace and World Wildlife Fund (WWF) to create a sustainable and environment friendly business. IKEA launched The Natural Step (TNS), which is a committee that looked into the environmental proble ms that touched IKEA and how they would be solved. It formulated an environmental plan that became a part and parcel of the corporate culture. This policy later on became the Environmental Action Plan that describes the practical measures that the company would undertake to deal with any environmental issues (Owens, 2009). This plan is periodically updated to deal with any environmental issues that arise in any area of the companys business unit. This comprehensive plan implementation falls under several categories including transport, consumable materials, suppliers, building material, customers, materials and products and materials and products (Norton, 2007). IKEA has also followed standards put forward by environmental groups such as not accepting any wood from natural forests. It has also partnered with other environmental groups to fund programs that aim at conserving the environment. Recently in 2011, Mike Ward, the US IKEA president spoke during the climate week held in New York. He emphasized that sustainability was a core business strategy for the company and it had formulated a long-term strategy of using renewable energy in its buildings and stores. IKEA had already installed over 40 solar panels in some of its stores in the world and 11 of these were within USA. IKEA also outlined some of its green initiatives that included, planting more trees and banning the use of plastic bags in its stores among others (Ikea.com, 2011). IKEA and Child LaborIKEA also faced social issues when it was accused of using child labor. A documentary film showing children working for IKEA in Pakistan was aired by a Swedish television in 1994. IKEA was widely criticized and condemned by various international organizations for using child labor. Child labor came about as a result of globalization, since IKEA relocated to countries with cheap labor to cut down on cost. These third world economies included countries such as Nepal, India and Pakistan that faced several human right issues, and IKEA inherited these problems upon setting foot in these countries. An example is India, where according to the Human Right Watch; the number of children laborers is estimated to range between 60 million and 150 million. 200, 000 of these children worked in the carpet industry (Barlett et al., 2006).IKEA subcontracts manufacturers from various places in the globe to get supplies and this makes it hard to keep track on all sub-suppliers and suppliers. Although, this strategy makes it possible for the company to change suppliers at a minimal cost, it makes it difficult to track child labor especially in those sub-suppliers working in the looming industry at family level. In 1995, a German television threatened to show a film on children at Rangan industry in India that supplied looms to IKEA. IKEA was facing a serious social issue that needed to be handled properly to avert the loss of cu...

Types of Marine Mammal Species

A Critique of Puritanism in Hawthornes Young Goodman...

Young Goodman Brown: A Critique of Puritanism Given Nathaniel Hawthornes background, it is not a stretch of the imagination to say that Young Goodman Brown is a critique of Puritanism. Hawthorne lived in the deeply scarred New England area, separated from puritanism by only one generation. His grandfather had been one the judges who presided over the Salem Witch trials. Some of the principle motifs that run through Hawthornes works are hidden sin, the supernatural, and the influence of evil. Ironically enough, puritanism is also a part of those tales. What then is the moral/ philosophical import of Young Goodman Brown? It suggests, in an allegorical sense, that puritanism is a deceptive religion that creates a false†¦show more content†¦One might ask also why Faith wears pink ribbons, which are frivolous in nature, in her hair. This serves to symbolize again, the superfluous nature of puritanism, and also, its contradictory nature. Under the guise of righteousness, puritans actually committed horrific acts. So her ribbons are pink, a shade between the purity of white and the sin of red - a further indicator of Puritanisms ambiguity. And when Faith says a lone woman is troubled with such dreams and thoughts that shes afeard of herself, one can not help thinking that her beauty is only skin deep. Thus when Goodman Brown leaves his faith, it is not a departure from virtue, but a departure from deception. To continue the allegorical analysis, Goodman Brown represents any naturally good human being caught in puritanisms web. His journey through the evil forest is a journey into truth - into Hawthornes reality of evil puritanism. He discovers that all the pious members of the community are actually evil, which, when interpreted directly, tends to suggest the true nature of puritanism. And when these same upstanding puritans mingle with those of dissolute lives and spotted fame(384), Hawthorne is suggesting that Puritans are on the same level as these individuals in that there actions are no less morally repugnant. Browns conversation with Satan suggests that Puritans have always unconsciously committed sin in theirShow MoreRelatedEssay Sin, Guilt, and the Mind of Nathaniel Hawthorne1490 Words   |  6 PagesMind of Nathaniel Hawthorne      Ã‚   Nathaniel Hawthornes works are notable for their treatment of guilt and the complexities of moral choices. Moral and religious concerns, in short, are almost always present in Hawthornes work(Foster, 56). Given Hawthornes background, it is not a stretch of the imagination to say that his novels are critiques of Puritanism. Hawthorne lived in the deeply scarred New England area, separated from Puritanism by only one generation. His grandfather had been oneRead MoreSocial, Political, And Cultural Realms Of `` Young Goodman Brown ``877 Words   |  4 Pagesliterature to gain this understanding. Only through the close examination of unique aspects of literature do critics gain a potentially new understanding of human society and how people interact with one another as we shall come to see in â€Å"Young Goodman Brown.† While writers may delve the realms of the seemingly improbable, their writings are often based on some basis of historical truth or personal experience. In the 1980s, a literary theory known as New Historicism emerged that sought to understandRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown1492 Words   |  6 PagesIn Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short story of Young Goodman Brown, the author uses symbolism and allegories in order to showcase the Puritan faith as well as man’s conflict between good and evil. This analysis will breakdown the techniques that the author uses to critique the puritan society, and to show the difference between how people appear to be in society and the true colors that they are hidden inside of them. There has been a lot of great authors in our time, but none more interesting than NathanielRead MoreCritiques of the Puritan Norms by Nathaniel Hawthorne in Young Goodman Brown982 Words   |  4 Pageshis works, for providing stirring critiques of the Puritan norms that were so prominent during his time. As a writer, he was also willing to challenge the institutions that other people found sacred, and beyond that, he hoped to challenge perceptions of what it meant to live a normal life during that time. One of the primary themes of Puritanism is the concept of original sin, and Hawthorne seemed to have a preoccupation with this concept. In â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† and â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,†

Project Report for Warra State School-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Analyse the effectiveness of the school in managing their performance in relation to their competitors. Answer: Title of the school: The project report was organized for Warra state school. Aims The aim of the project is to analyse the effectiveness of the school in managing their performance in relation to their competitors. The performance indicators should be implemented for analysing the performance of the school. Objectives The objective of this paper is to Correlate the effectiveness of the school with the comparative competitors Measuring the satisfaction level of the student in getting quality of education from esteemed institution Implementation of intervention program for providing humanistic learning tactics to the student (Suryadi, 2017). Strategic plan for analysing the cost ratio efficiency with the regards to the success of the operational procedure undertaken Organization Goal The school is focusing to provide quality of education to the student so that they can sharpen their skills and expertise of academic qualification. The analysis of the performance indicators helps in measuring the efficiency of the operational program laid down by the institution for providing education. Performance Indicators The following table shows the list of performance indicator used for measuring the effectiveness of the Waara state school. Performance Indicators Activities Description Effectiveness Indicators Participation of school in the educational program Yes it participates in Index of community socio-educational advantage program (Meek and Lee, 2014) Retention program Yes because the school is having sufficient teachers to retain the student easily Primary and secondary graduation rate It is about 47% Student achievement in literacy It is about 18 % Student achievement in Numeracy It is about 25% Services Primary Education 47% Secondary education 25% Student satisfaction level The student are not satisfied with the educational program of the school which can be measured from the number of enrolment in the school which is around 11, in which 5 are boys and 6 are girls (Ballard, 2013) Student support services No pick and drop facility is provided by the school. Student participation Limited organization of the co-curricular activities program Library services Library facility is provided by the school to the student Sports activities and participation No organization of sport activities Health and recreational activities support The medical facilities are provided to the student. Regular check-ups for health are also arranged for them Efficiency indicators Cost per student full time equivalent-primary education It is about $ 110 Cost per student full time equivalent-primary education It is about $ 80 Literature Review The analysis of the performance indicator helps in managing the decision related to the betterment of the school performance. They are helpful in examining the term and conditions which are required to implement changes in the curriculum. New policies and standards should be developed to provide improved quality of education to the student for their bright future (Ishak, and Yusof, 2014). The proactive action plan should be developed for the forecasted changes required in the educational plan of the school. The simulation program should be organized to provide training to the student to work in the real life environment (Meyer, 2010). The clear specification of the educational objective helps in getting quality output in the educational program. The review of the educational procedures helps in involving new framework for monitoring of the education system to provide quality environment of education to the children (Wang, 2013). Action Plan to measure performance indicators Contingencies and Mitigation Strategies The performance of the school can be improved by providing financial aids to the school for renovation and providing pick and drop facilities to the student who are residing far from the school area. The marketing and advertising of the school should be done for increasing the number of student admitted to the school. New staffs should be arranged to provide quality of education to the student. The teachers should be well-versed in providing theoretical and practical knowledge to the students. The co-curricular activities should be arranged for the student for raising their interest in the schools activities. Results The assessment of the student performance after the implementation of the action plan helps in analysing the level of improvement noticed in the student performance (Annesley, 2016). The comparison of the student performance after deployment of action plan and before it helps in evaluating the result of the improvement plan developed for the Warra school. Recommendation It is recommended to deploy the performance indicator for analysing the development of the educational level in the school premises (Azma, 2010). The focus should be given on extending the strength of the school because it creates the environment of competition among the student and they work in achieving knowledge. The research question for the further study can be How the admission and strength of the Warra school can be improved? Conclusion The research study on the school helps in analysing the efficiency of the performance indicators which are deployed in the school premises to measure the level of education. The analysis of the performance helps in developing the action plan to improve the performance of the school and a program to increase the strength of the school. The marketing and advertising of the school should be done for increasing the number of student admitted to the school. References: Annesley, B. (2016). Performance indicators for New Zealand Schools: The problems and the potential. ebook 1.ed. . Retrieved from https://www.victoria.ac.nz/education/research/nzaroe/issues-index/1996/pdf/text-annesley.pdf Azma, F. (2010). Qualitative indicators for the evaluation of universities performance. ebook 1.ed. . Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042810009225 Ballard, P. (2013). Measuring performance excellence: Key performance indicator for institution accepted into the academic quality improvement program. ebook 1.ed. . Retrieved from https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1198context=dissertations Ishak, M., and Yusof, Y. (2014). Performance measurement indicators for academic staff in Malaysia. ebook 1.ed. . Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242174198_PERFORMANCE_MEASUREMENT_INDICATORS_FOR_ACADEMIC_STAFF_IN_MALAYSIA_PRIVATE_HIGHER_EDUCATION_INSTITUTIONS_A_CASE_STUDY_IN_UNITEN Meek, V., and Lee, J. (2014). Performance indicators for assessing and benchmarking research capacities in universities. . Retrieved from https://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0015/001529/152960e.pdf Meyer, R. (2010). Value added indicators for school performance: A primer. ebook 1.ed. . Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0272775796000817 Suryadi, K. (2017). Framework of measuring key performance indicator for decision support in higher education institution. ebook 1.ed. . Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/01da/2c13a9cd4c9a2a963ba9f0a0eaf9cb59eb3f.pdf Wang, X. (2013). Performance measurement in universities. ebook 1.ed. . Retrieved from https://essay.utwente.nl/60180/1/MA_thesis_X_Wang.pdf

Media in the 1960s free essay sample

As opposed to impartially providing information, propaganda, in its most basic sense, presents information primarily to influence an audience. Propaganda is often biased, with facts selectively presented (thus possibly lying by omission) to encourage a particular synthesis, or uses loaded messages to produce an emotional rather than rational response to the information presented. The desired result is a change of the attitude toward the subject in the target audience to further a political, or other type of agenda. Propaganda can be used as a form of political warfare. ’ Propaganda was used widely during the 1960’s, as the United States and the Soviet Union both used propaganda extensively during the Cold War. When describing life in capitalist countries, in the U. S. in particular, propaganda focused on social issues such as poverty and anti-union action by the government. Workers in capitalist countries were portrayed as ideologically close. Propaganda claimed rich people from the U. We will write a custom essay sample on Media in the 1960s or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page S. erived their income from weapons manufacturing, and claimed that there was substantial racism or neo-fascism in the U. S. When describing life in Communist countries, western propaganda sought to depict an image of a citizenry held captive by governments that brainwash them. The West also created a fear of the East, by depicting an aggressive Soviet Union. In the Americas, Cuba served as a major source and a target of propaganda from both black and white stations operated by the CIA and Cuban exile groups. Psychological warfare became, in essence, a synonym for Cold War. It reflected the belief of many politicians and foreign policy analysts that the Cold War was an ideological, psychological, and cultural contest for hearts and minds that would be won or lost on the plain of public opinion rather than by blood shed on the battlefield. The Cold War lasted from the end of World War II right up to the early 1990s, although the Soviet Union and the USA never actually engaged in direct battle. Instead, the Cold War was expressed through weapons development (the nuclear arms race), technological development (the space race), espionage and propaganda. Western democratic states churned out huge amounts of propaganda material throughout the First and Second World Wars, but practically decommissioned their propaganda machines post 1945. This is why most of the posters that we explore below have emerged from the Soviet Union or independent political activist groups, and not the West. The posters in this article have not only been selected on the basis of their highly creative and original content, each one also conceals a message. In some cases the message is blindingly obvious. In others, the message can only be deciphered once the poster has been placed in its historical context. psychological warfare n. The use of various techniques, such as propaganda and terror, to lower an enemys morale. es ·pi ·o ·nage   (spnazh, -nj)n. The act or practice of spying or of using spies to obtain secret information, as about another government or a business competitor. prop ·a ·gan ·da? ?[prop-uh-gan-duh] noun 1. information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely to help or harm a person, group, movement, institution, nation, etc.